Map of Canada with cities

Description:
This map shows provinces, territories, cities, towns, and roads in Canada.

A map of Canada with cities displays the geographic distribution of urban centers across the world's second-largest country by total area. Canada consists of 10 provinces and 3 territories, with its major cities predominantly concentrated along the southern border with the United States. According to the 2021 census, Toronto is the most populous city with 2,794,356 residents, located in Ontario province on the northern shore of Lake Ontario. Montreal, the second-largest city with 1,762,949 inhabitants, is situated in Quebec province and represents the largest French-speaking city outside of France.

The western provinces contain several significant urban centers. Calgary ranks third nationally with 1,306,784 residents, while Edmonton, with 1,010,899 people, serves as Alberta's capital. In British Columbia, Vancouver has a population of 662,248 within city limits, though its metropolitan area is considerably larger. These western cities have experienced substantial growth, with Calgary and Edmonton showing population increases of approximately 29% and 28% respectively between 2007 and 2020.

Ottawa, Canada's capital since 1857, is located at the junction of Ontario and Quebec provinces with a population of 1,017,449. The city's selection as capital was strategic, positioned at the border between Upper and Lower Canada with a mixed English and French-speaking population. Other major cities include Winnipeg in Manitoba (749,607), Mississauga in Ontario (717,961), Brampton in Ontario (656,480), and Hamilton in Ontario (569,353).

Approximately 75-80% of Canada's population lives in urban areas, primarily within 150 kilometers of the US border. This concentration reflects historical settlement patterns, economic factors, and climate considerations. The population density of 4.4 people per square kilometer remains among the lowest globally, with vast northern territories sparsely populated.