Essaouira Maps

Essaouira is a port city and resort on Morocco's Atlantic coast. The city, formerly known as Mogador, has a population of approximately 77,966 as of 2014. Located in the Marrakech-Safi region, it serves as the capital of Essaouira Province and stands about 110 miles west of Marrakesh.

The city's history dates back to prehistoric times, but its modern form was established in the late 18th century by Sultan Mohammed III, who envisioned it as a fortified port town. The medina (old town) of Essaouira, an excellent example of a late-18th-century fortified seaport, was designed by French architect Théodore Cornut according to European military architecture principles of the time, but in a North African context. In recognition of its historical and cultural significance, UNESCO designated the medina as a World Heritage site in 2001.

The city is renowned for its strong trade winds, making it a popular destination for windsurfing and kitesurfing enthusiasts. These constant winds, known locally as the "alizee" or "taros," have earned Essaouira the nickname "Wind City of Africa." The climate is mild and semi-arid, with average temperatures ranging from 16°C (61°F) in winter to 22°C (72°F) in summer.

Notable landmarks include the Skala de la Ville, a defensive wall with brass cannons lined up along its length, offering panoramic ocean views. The Port of Essaouira remains active with fishing boats and is known for its traditional boat builders. The Medina features traditional craft shops, art galleries, and the historic Mellah (Jewish quarter). The Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdallah Museum, housed in a 19th-century mansion, displays local artifacts, jewelry, and carpets, showcasing the region's rich cultural heritage.

Essaouira has gained international recognition through various cultural events, particularly the Gnaoua World Music Festival, held annually since 1998. The festival celebrates Gnaoua music, a traditional genre with roots in sub-Saharan Africa, alongside world music performances. The city has also served as a filming location for several productions, including scenes from the television series "Game of Thrones." The local economy primarily relies on tourism, fishing, and traditional crafts, particularly woodworking using local thuya wood, a material highly valued for its decorative qualities.