Heraklion Maps

Heraklion (also spelled Iraklion) is the largest city and capital of Crete, with a population of approximately 180,000 in the urban area. The city serves as Crete's administrative and economic center and is home to the island's principal port and airport.

The Palace of Knossos, located just south of the city, is Crete's most visited archaeological site and the largest Bronze Age site on the island. The palace complex, associated with King Minos and the legend of the Minotaur, dates to approximately 1900 BCE. British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans extensively excavated and controversially reconstructed portions of the site in the early 20th century. The complex features advanced architectural elements including multi-story buildings, sophisticated drainage systems, and elaborate frescoes.

The Heraklion Archaeological Museum is one of the most significant museums in Greece, housing the world's finest collection of Minoan artifacts, including the famous Snake Goddess figurines, the Bull-Leaping fresco from Knossos, and the Phaistos Disc, an artifact bearing undeciphered symbols. The Historical Museum of Crete covers the island's history from early Christian times through the modern period and contains works by El Greco, who was born in Heraklion in 1541.

The city retains impressive Venetian fortifications, including the Koules Fortress, a 16th-century structure guarding the old harbor, and extensive city walls that still encircle much of the historic center. The Morosini Fountain, also called the "Lion Fountain," built in 1628, stands in the center of Eleftherias Square. The Loggia, a Venetian building dating to 1626, now serves as Heraklion's city hall.

The Agios Minas Cathedral, completed in 1895, is one of the largest cathedrals in Greece and serves as the seat of the Archbishop of Crete. The church of Agios Titos, dedicated to Saint Titus, a disciple of Saint Paul who became the first bishop of Crete, dates originally to the Byzantine period. The bustling central market street, 1866 Street, offers local produce, traditional products, and Cretan specialties.